Hydrocarbon-burner.



G. H. HOVENDEN.

BYDROGARBON BURNER. APPLICATION FILED IEB.21, 1914.

1,105,079, Patented July 28, 191i THE NORRIS PETERS CO4, FHOTO-LITHO,. WASHINGTON, D. c.

" ITED srnrns PATENT OFFICE GEORGE I-I. HOVENDEN, or ELMWOOD, ILLINoIs, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO WILLIAM F. MEIIDROTH, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

HYDROCAB-BON-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented July 28, 1914.

Application filed February 21, 1914. Serial N 0. 820,292.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, GEORGE H. HovnNnnN, citizen of the United States, residing at Elmwood, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usecarbon burner of a special form adapted for use in cook stoves or ranges and alsoto its connection with a part of the same.

An object of the invention is to produce a burner of a peculiar construction to best serve the purpose for which it is designed in the production of an intensely blue flame obtained through the use of certain superheated parts.

A further object is to combine a hydrocarbon burner with a removable part of the stove top or range top whereby the burner can be placed in the stove or range or removed from it so that it can be used interchangeably with wood or coal or like fuel, the change being made in a moment without making any change whatsoever in the stove or range, or requiring holes to be drilled or necessitating special manipulations of any kind.

A further object is to provide the combination of one or more burners with a part of the stove top or range top so that the burner or burners can be inserted in the tire pot of the cooking apparatus being placed in position or removed therefrom without any manipulations whatever other than to exchange one part for another.

To the end that my invention may be fully comprehended I have provided the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a plan of a part of a cooking stove or range showing my invention ap plied thereto. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same somewhat enlarged. Fig. 3 shows a modification of the burner parts, and Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a part of one of the removable top portions of a stove or range showing the manner of connecting the burner parts permanently thereto.

A. hydrocarbon burner must be peculiarly constructed in order that it will produce an intenselyblue flame or a flameyielding the greatest number of heat units from a given amount of fuel. That this will result a considerable area of superheated surface must be provided over which the hydrocarbon can pass before issuing at the jet orifice and which at this timemust be so hot as to be in a highly 'vaporous form'where at the mo ment of discharge, when it is thoroughly and properly mixed with air, it will produce the required blue flame. :In addition to this,

the usual attendant exceedingly annoying roaringor blowing of. the vapor must be minimized as much as possible.

In my improved structure I introduce the hydrocarbon in the form of coal oil, or ker0- sene,1nto a retort where it is superheated whence it issues from a Jet orifice beneath said retort for heating the same, the flame holding the retort at an intensely high temperature, and in addition, as an essential part Iemploy a coil of pipe which surrounds the retort and through which the hydrocarbon fluid must pass in order to reach said retort, said pipe being spaced from the re-' tort a proper distance so that the ignited vapor issuing from the jet orifice upon striking the retort will be deflected, the resulting blue flame 'striking'the said pipe and heat ing it to an exceedingly high temperature producing a second superheated mass of metal after the burner is in operation, so that the incoming fuel will be heated to a very high point before entering the retort wherein it will be heated to a still higher point or superheated whereupon it will be in the propercondition to issue at the'jet orifice. "T

I have thusfirst out-lined the principles of my invention inorder that the reasons for the following structure will be clear.

A indicates the top of the stoveor range B and O represent two of theusual removable parts and I) 1) portions of the lids which cover the holes E, over which the cooking is done.

F indicates a hollow casting which I shall terma retort designed to receive the fluid to be vaporized. Gonnectedinto one side of the retort is a pipe coil G which is preferably circular in form or concentric with the retort with which it is connected. This pipe coil or conduit may include a series of elbows H, or, as shown in Fig. 3, a single length of pipe may be bent into the required form, said coil being attached to one of the walls of the retort by threading. Connected to the opposite side of the retort is a pipe J which is carried downward and then upward substantially centrally beneath the retort. The terminus of the pipe, a cap K for example, is provided with a jet orifice L. Beneath the cap is a starting cup hi to, receive a combustible fluid by means of which the retort can be heated sufficiently to start vaporization of fluid in the latter. The pipe coil G is connected with any usual fueltank N from which the burner is supplied, there being a fitting such as a union N whereby the pipe may be readily disconnected from the tank when the latter is a fixture upon a wall or other support.

I associate the burner with a removable part of the cooking apparatus whereby the burner and its parts may be quickly placed in or removed from the stove or range as already stated herein whereby the latter can be changed instantlyfrom a coal consuming apparatus to one for using oil fuel, or kerosene. As ordinarily arranged the fuel pipe leading from the fuel tank passes through some part of the stove or range, usually its side, but this requires an expert mechanic and entails a considerable amount of work and expense, the pipe or pipes requiring to be bent or formed to meet each particular structure of stove or range. Furthermore, after having been once installed no other form of fuel can be used in the stove while the burner is in place. This type of burner is extremely undesirable for this reason although having the advantage of extreme convenience so long as there is an abundance of fuel on hand because of the ease of its operation and ready quick work. In view of the disadvantage described I have provided the arrangement now to be described.

The removable section C of the stove top A before described, which is that part lying between the two lids D, is provided in two places with a hole one of which is shown in Fig. i at O the end P of the pipe coil G being carried up through said hole.

Said end receives a lock nut Q both above and below the said section C by which the pipe-coil G and the other parts, including the retort, will all be fixed rigidly to said section. In Fig. 1 two of the coils G are shown, each of which lies beneath the hole E and beneath the lids D said coils being of a diameter that will permit them to be readily dropped through the said holes 13- into the desired position.

R indicates apipe leading from the fuel tank N and connected to the projecting ends P above the section 0, see Fig. l, by elbows S and short lengths of pipe T, a needle valve U being placed in each pipe T in such a manner as to control the fuel supply.

It is clear that the structure thus explained and illustrated constitutes a single rigid structure, the pipe B being connected by union N with the extension of the pipe running from the fuel tank N. The advantage of this construction is that the burners are spaced the required distance below the lids D so that the best possible results can be obtained from the fuel, having in mind at the same time the proper relation of the burners to the other parts of the stove or range whereby the oven will be properly heated.

It is now to be understood that a manufacturer can supply the burner directly attached to the section 0 and it is only necessary in equipping the stove or range with my burner to remove the counterpart of said section C from the apparatus to be equipped and substitute said section therefor, the apparatus being ready for immediate use.

In operation, the starting cup is first provided with a small amount of easily combustible fuel whereby to heat the retort of the burner to be used sufiiciently to start vaporization whereupon the valve corresponding to that burner is opened slightly to admit fuel which upon entering the retort is vaporized sufiiciently to start the burner. The flame highly heats said retort so that the fuel entering itwill be vaporized so as to operate the burner at its full capacity. The jet in striking the substantially flat lower surface of the retort is deflected in a circular sheet of flame which reaches the coil G raising the temperature of the fuel therein to a high point before reaching the retort and the resulting vapor being then superheated which when discharged and mixed with air produces a highly blue flame. By reason of the extremely high degree of heat to which the vapor is carried the roaring is reduced to the lowest possible point.

My type of burner has been found to produce highly satisfactory results in practice. From the fact that it is practically a part of one of the removable parts of a stove top the burner can be placed in position by any one in a moment or two without the assistance of an expert and it takes the proper position beneath the hole or holes F and the proper distance below the lids to produce the best results.

Various slight changes may be made in my burner and the means of attaching it to the stove such as will lie within the meaning of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Havingdescribed my invention I claim 1. A hydrocarbon burner including in its construction a hollow casting constituting .a retort, a fuel conducting pipe formed into a coil surrounding said retort and connected into one of the walls of and communicating with the interior of the latter and a second hydrocarbon-vapor conducting pipe connected into the wall of the retort and terminating in an upturned portion beneath the retort having a jet orifice adapted for discharging hydrocarbon vapor against said retort, the lower surface of the retort and the plane of said coil lying in close proximity, said retort adapted to deflect the vapor jet to said coil.

2. In combination with a stove, a hydrocarbon burner including in its construction a hollow casting constituting a retort, a pipe connected into one of the walls of the same and communicating with its interior and formed into a coil and having an upturned portion extending up through the top of the stove, connected with a source of fuel, a valve included in the pipe between the burner and the fuel supply, and apipe connected into the wall of the retort and depending below and terminating beneath it and including a jet orifice adapted for discharging vapor against the under surface of said retort, the latter adapted to deflect the flame upon the pipe coil.

3. The combination with the removable top part of a stove or range, of a burner suspended beneath the same including a hollow member for receiving and vaporizing a hydrocarbon, a pipe for a liquid fuel connected into and communicating with the interior of the member for conducting the fuel thereto and connected through said part of the stove top, and a pipe connected into the wall of the member and communicating with its interior and depending below and beneath said member, and having a jet orifice adapted to discharge vapor from said member against the bottom of said member.

4. The combination with a removable part of a stove top, of a burner suspended beneath the same comprising a hollow member, a pipe connected into the side of the member and communicating with its interior for conveying liquid fuel thereto and extending through and afiixed to the said part of the stove top, a valve included in the pipe, and a pipe connected into the wall of the member and communicating with its interior and terminating below and beneath it and having a jet orifice beneath said member adapted for the discharge of vapor against the latter.

5. The combination with a removable part of a stove top of a hydrocarbon burner for connection therewith including a hollow member, a pipe connected into its side and cating with its interior and terminating at its end below and beneath the member and including a discharge orifice adapted to dis charge vapor against the bottom of said member, and a starting cup carried by said pipe beneath the said member.

6. The combination with a stove or range and a removable part of its top,.of a pipe extending through said part from its top side and including a valve, said pipe extending from the under sideof the said part and terminating in an enlarged communicating hollow member including a hollow extension communicating with and extending below and terminating beneath the member, said hollow extension terminating in a jet orifice beneath the latter adapted for discharging vapor against the bottom of the member, the member being imperfo rate except as to the opening for the parts communicating with it. 1

7 The combination with a stove or range and a removable part of its top, of a pipe extending through said part from its top side and including a valve, said pipe ex tending from the under side of the said part and terminating in an enlarged communi- I cating hollow member including a hollow extension communicating with and extending below and terminating beneath the member, said hollow extension terminating in a jet orifice beneath the latter adapted for discharging vapor against the bottom of the member, the member being imperforate except as to the opening for the parts communicating with it, and a receptacle for a combustible fluid carried by the extension adjacent the jet orifice.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature,

in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE H. HOVENDEN.

WVitnesses:

W. I. SLEMMoNs, L. M. THURSTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. V 

